ARFID vs Picky Eating

How to spot the difference between a developmental phase and a feeding disorder in children.

What is ARFID?

ARFID (Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder) is a feeding disorder where children limit the amount or type of food they eat. Unlike anorexia or bulimia, ARFID isn’t driven by body image concerns — it’s driven by fear of choking, texture aversions, or traumatic food experiences.

💡 Did you know?
ARFID can cause growth delays, nutritional deficiency, and psychosocial distress — even when body image isn't involved.

What is Picky Eating?

“Picky eaters may refuse broccoli. Children with ARFID may panic at the sight of it.”

Picky eating is a common developmental phase. Most children grow out of it with continued exposure, especially in safe and low-pressure environments. Unlike ARFID, picky eaters maintain healthy weight and nutrition.

Key Differences: ARFID vs Picky Eating

🚨 Chronic ARFID is long-lasting; picky eating tends to fade with age.
⚠️ Variety ARFID diets may include fewer than 10 foods.
📉 Impact ARFID affects growth, social life, and emotional health.
✅ Response Picky eaters improve with exposure — ARFID requires intervention.

Signs to Watch For

Food refusal leading to weight loss
Meltdowns or anxiety around new foods
Over-reliance on supplements or tube feeding
Severe gagging or vomiting with certain textures
Extreme rituals or control behaviors around food

How Feeding Therapists Help

Feeding therapists (SLPs and OTs) use a multidisciplinary approach to treat ARFID:

Desensitization and sensory integration
Food chaining and safe exposure models
Family coaching and behavior shaping
Collaboration with dietitians and psychologists

✅ Reminder: SLPs can treat ARFID — but must refer out for formal diagnosis.

Parent Tips

Use these caregiver strategies:

Offer consistent but pressure-free exposure
Model eating the same food at the table
Use praise and language like "You're still learning to like this"
Track safe vs. unsafe foods with the child if age-appropriate